If retention persisted longer than the lactation period, multichannel urodynamics was performed. PVR was measured sonographically every 2 days until day 15, then after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months and, if increased, the patients were instructed to perform clean intermittent self-catheterization. In our tertiary referral urogynecology unit in the University Women’s Hospital of Bern, Switzerland, all patients who were referred for PUR were asked to participate in this study. Pathophysiology, risk factors and management of PUR are reviewed. The aim of this study was to assess long-term persistence of elevated PVR (post-void residual urine) volume after PUR. The paucity of data on long-term outcome after PUR contributes to these drawbacks. The incidence ranges from 0.18 to 14.6%, but the importance of prompt diagnosis and appropriate management is often underappreciated. Based on these studies and our findings we can suggest that all women bothered from feeling of incomplete emptying should be undertaken PVR measurement.Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) may cause long-term urogenital tract morbidity. In our study mean PVR volumes of groups with or without feeling of incomplete emptying was significantly different (16 mL vs. the mean PVR of women who were bothered with feeling of incomplete emptying was 16 mL higher than those of women who were not bothered and this difference was statistically significant. mean PVR volume (34 mL) of the groups with voiding symptoms was significantly higher than the mean PVR volume (18 mL) of the groups without any voiding symptom. In our study, it was the third most common symptom of voiding and postvoiding symptoms 4th common voiding and postvoiding symptom in men and the 2nd common voiding and postvoiding symptom in women. reported that the most common symptom among patients with voiding difficulty was the feeling of incomplete emptying. In women, none of the storage symptoms was found to be associated with PVR volume and among voiding symptoms slow stream and terminal dribble were the only symptoms that correlated with a high PVR volume. In men, the presence of the majority of the voiding symptoms and urgency correlated with a higher PVR volume. There was not such a relationship in women. PVR volume increased in men by age (0.65 mL per year of age, p=0.011). In men over 60 years of age, however mean PVR volumes were 79.5 mL and 56.4 mL in participants with and without the sensation of incomplete emptying, respectively (p=0.001). In men ≤60 years of age, mean PVR volumes were 59.4 mL and 50.3 mL in participants with and without the sensation of incomplete emptying, respectively. However, such a relationship was found only over the age of 60 in the subgroup analysis of men. There was a positive correlation between the sensation of incomplete bladder emptying and PVR volume in all age groups of women (p=0.0001).
The relationship between PVR volume and LUTS including the sensation of “incomplete emptying” were shown in Table 2 and Fig. In women, PVR volumes were 21.4 mL and 21.6 mL, in participants aged ≤60 years and >60 years, respectively. When classified into age groups, in men mean PVR volume was 56.0 mL in participants aged ≤60 years and 68.9 mL over 60 years of age (p=0.001). The mean PVR volumes in men and women were 63.9 mL and 21.6 mL, respectively.
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